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| Read these real slowly.
"But even at the time historians already saw the weakness of the agreement being exposed: The Memorandum offered no guarantee of intervention."
"After Russia took Crimea, the Western nations had indeed stopped short of a military intervention, which would have been inevitable had the term "guarantee" been used instead."
" "It gives signatories justification if they take action, but it does not force anyone to act in Ukraine," Stephen MacFarlane, professor of international relations specializing in the former Soviet Union at St Anne's College, Oxford, told FRANCE 24 back in 2014."
" "English draws a distinction between 'guarantee' and 'assurance,' while both words translate into 'guarantee' in Ukrainian and Russian. U.S. officials read for the formal negotiating record a statement to the effect that, whenever 'guarantee' appeared in the Ukrainian and Russian language texts of the Trilateral Statement, it was to be understood in the sense of the English word 'assurance.'
"The Ukrainian and Russian delegations confirmed that understanding." "
"After Russia took Crimea, the Western nations had indeed stopped short of a military intervention, which would have been inevitable had the term "guarantee" been used instead."
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Energy Department Appointment.
